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Coordinating conjunctions connect elements of the same grammatical class: nouns w/ nouns; adverbs w/ adverbs, clauses with clauses. They connect independent clauses.

and

but

or
nor
for

yet

so (when they have the meaning “and the reason is that”)

Correlative conjunctions are coordinating conjunctions; they are always used in pairs.

both
and

not only

but either

or neither

nor

Subordinating conjunctions are used to connect adverb or noun (subordinate) clauses. Use a subordinating conjunction to connect a dependent clause w/ a main clause.

because (since) (as)
if
though
although
after
unless
whether
that

since
when
so that
even though
as if
provided that
sooner than
etc.

Relative pronouns are used to connect the relative (subordinate) clause to its antecedents in the main clause.

who

whom

which

that

etc.