NOUNS, PRONOUNS, AND NOUN EQUIVALENTS

PRONOUNS
Pronouns are words that can stand in place of nouns. The most common pronouns are personal pronouns. Other classes of pronouns include relative pronouns, demonstrative pronouns, indefinite pronouns, and interrogative pronouns. Some pronouns may function as either pronouns or adjectives in a sentence.

Personal pronouns substitute for definite persons or things that usually refer back to a previously mentioned noun (the antecedent) or a noun understood by context. Personal pronouns change form depending on their function in a given sentence. The different forms of a pronoun performing different functions in a sentence is called case. English has five cases: subjective case, objective case, possessive case, reflexive case, and intensive case.

Subjective or Nominative Case: The pronoun is the subject of a sentence or clause. It can also be the subjective complement, where it follows a linking verb and renames the subject.
Examples: He is the winner. (S)
You and she have business to take care of. (S)
It is I who called. (SC)

Objective Case: The objective pronoun is the object of a verb or the object of a preposition.
Example: The voters selected her. (DO)
I gave them a good scolding. (IO)
It was a great honor for him. (OP)

Pronouns (continued)